Zephyr endobronchial valve as a lifesaving intervention for persistent air leak – A case report

Abstract

A pneumothorax that progresses to ongoing air leaks can result in extended hospitalizations and significant morbidity. While surgical management is often the preferred option for addressing air leaks, it frequently involves high risks, as many patients have compromised baseline respiratory conditions and additional health issues. Over the last decade, new and less invasive techniques in interventional pulmonology have emerged. We describe a case of a patient with a persistent air leak following a pneumothorax who was effectively treated with the insertion of Zephyr endobronchial valves (EBV). Despite extensive drainage, negative pressure application, and two attempts at autologous blood patch pleurodesis, the air leak continued. Due to his comorbidities and poor lung condition, he was not an appropriate candidate for surgery. Two sequential sessions of Zephyr EBV were performed, successfully stopping the air leak. The patient was discharged shortly after, following a thorough clinical and radiological monitoring. This case highlights the effectiveness and safety of Zephyr EBV, providing a less invasive option compared to surgical procedures.